mathfunc -
Mathematical functions for Tcl expressions
package require Tcl 8.5
::tcl::mathfunc::abs arg
::tcl::mathfunc::acos arg
::tcl::mathfunc::asin arg
::tcl::mathfunc::atan arg
::tcl::mathfunc::atan2 y x
::tcl::mathfunc::bool arg
::tcl::mathfunc::ceil arg
::tcl::mathfunc::cos arg
::tcl::mathfunc::cosh arg
::tcl::mathfunc::double arg
::tcl::mathfunc::entier arg
::tcl::mathfunc::exp arg
::tcl::mathfunc::floor arg
::tcl::mathfunc::fmod x y
::tcl::mathfunc::hypot x y
::tcl::mathfunc::int arg
::tcl::mathfunc::isqrt arg
::tcl::mathfunc::log arg
::tcl::mathfunc::log10 arg
::tcl::mathfunc::max arg ?arg ...?
::tcl::mathfunc::min arg ?arg ...?
::tcl::mathfunc::pow x y
::tcl::mathfunc::rand
::tcl::mathfunc::round arg
::tcl::mathfunc::sin arg
::tcl::mathfunc::sinh arg
::tcl::mathfunc::sqrt arg
::tcl::mathfunc::srand arg
::tcl::mathfunc::tan arg
::tcl::mathfunc::tanh arg
::tcl::mathfunc::wide arg
The expr command handles mathematical functions of the form
sin($x) or atan2($y,$x) by converting them to calls of the
form [tcl::mathfunc::sin [expr {$x}]] or
[tcl::mathfunc::atan2 [expr {$y}] [expr {$x}]].
A number of math functions are available by default within the
namespace ::tcl::mathfunc; these functions are also available
for code apart from expr, by invoking the given commands
directly.
Tcl supports the following mathematical functions in expressions, all
of which work solely with floating-point numbers unless otherwise noted:
In addition to these predefined functions, applications may
define additional functions by using proc (or any other method,
such as interp alias or Tcl_CreateObjCommand) to define
new commands in the tcl::mathfunc namespace. In addition, an
obsolete interface named Tcl_CreateMathFunc() is available to
extensions that are written in C. The latter interface is not recommended
for new implementations.
-
abs arg
- Returns the absolute value of arg. Arg may be either
integer or floating-point, and the result is returned in the same form.
-
acos arg
- Returns the arc cosine of arg, in the range [0,pi]
radians. Arg should be in the range [-1,1].
-
asin arg
- Returns the arc sine of arg, in the range [-pi/2,pi/2]
radians. Arg should be in the range [-1,1].
-
atan arg
- Returns the arc tangent of arg, in the range [-pi/2,pi/2]
radians.
-
atan2 y x
- Returns the arc tangent of y/x, in the range [-pi,pi]
radians. x and y cannot both be 0. If x is greater
than 0, this is equivalent to
"atan [expr {y/x}]".
-
bool arg
- Accepts any numeric value, or any string acceptable to
string is boolean, and returns the corresponding
boolean value 0 or 1. Non-zero numbers are true.
Other numbers are false. Non-numeric strings produce boolean value in
agreement with string is true and string is false.
-
ceil arg
- Returns the smallest integral floating-point value (i.e. with a zero
fractional part) not less than arg. The argument may be any
numeric value.
-
cos arg
- Returns the cosine of arg, measured in radians.
-
cosh arg
- Returns the hyperbolic cosine of arg. If the result would cause
an overflow, an error is returned.
-
double arg
- The argument may be any numeric value,
If arg is a floating-point value, returns arg, otherwise converts
arg to floating-point and returns the converted value. May return
Inf or -Inf when the argument is a numeric value that exceeds
the floating-point range.
-
entier arg
- The argument may be any numeric value. The integer part of arg
is determined and returned. The integer range returned by this function
is unlimited, unlike int and wide which
truncate their range to fit in particular storage widths.
-
exp arg
- Returns the exponential of arg, defined as e**arg.
If the result would cause an overflow, an error is returned.
-
floor arg
- Returns the largest integral floating-point value (i.e. with a zero
fractional part) not greater than arg. The argument may be
any numeric value.
-
fmod x y
- Returns the floating-point remainder of the division of x by
y. If y is 0, an error is returned.
-
hypot x y
- Computes the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle,
approximately
"sqrt [expr {x*x+y*y}]" except for being more numerically stable when the two arguments have
substantially different magnitudes.
-
int arg
- The argument may be any numeric value. The integer part of arg
is determined, and then the low order bits of that integer value up
to the machine word size are returned as an integer value. For reference,
the number of bytes in the machine word are stored in the wordSize
element of the tcl_platform array.
-
isqrt arg
- Computes the integer part of the square root of arg. Arg must be
a positive value, either an integer or a floating point number.
Unlike sqrt, which is limited to the precision of a floating point
number, isqrt will return a result of arbitrary precision.
-
log arg
- Returns the natural logarithm of arg. Arg must be a
positive value.
-
log10 arg
- Returns the base 10 logarithm of arg. Arg must be a
positive value.
-
max arg ...
- Accepts one or more numeric arguments. Returns the one argument
with the greatest value.
-
min arg ...
- Accepts one or more numeric arguments. Returns the one argument
with the least value.
-
pow x y
- Computes the value of x raised to the power y. If x
is negative, y must be an integer value.
- rand
- Returns a pseudo-random floating-point value in the range (0,1).
The generator algorithm is a simple linear congruential generator that
is not cryptographically secure. Each result from rand completely
determines all future results from subsequent calls to rand, so
rand should not be used to generate a sequence of secrets, such as
one-time passwords. The seed of the generator is initialized from the
internal clock of the machine or may be set with the srand function.
-
round arg
- If arg is an integer value, returns arg, otherwise converts
arg to integer by rounding and returns the converted value.
-
sin arg
- Returns the sine of arg, measured in radians.
-
sinh arg
- Returns the hyperbolic sine of arg. If the result would cause
an overflow, an error is returned.
-
sqrt arg
- The argument may be any non-negative numeric value. Returns a floating-point
value that is the square root of arg. May return Inf when the
argument is a numeric value that exceeds the square of the maximum value of
the floating-point range.
-
srand arg
- The arg, which must be an integer, is used to reset the seed for
the random number generator of rand. Returns the first random
number (see rand) from that seed. Each interpreter has its own seed.
-
tan arg
- Returns the tangent of arg, measured in radians.
-
tanh arg
- Returns the hyperbolic tangent of arg.
-
wide arg
- The argument may be any numeric value. The integer part of arg
is determined, and then the low order 64 bits of that integer value
are returned as an integer value.
expr(n), mathop(n), namespace(n)
Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
Copyright (c) 1994-2000 Sun Microsystems Incorporated.
Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 by Kevin B. Kenny <kennykb@acm.org>.